What condition is caused by the inability to process lactose?

The condition caused by the inability to process lactose is commonly referred to as lactose intolerance. This occurs when the body does not produce enough lactase, the enzyme responsible for breaking down lactose, which is the sugar found in milk and dairy products. As a result, when lactose is consumed, it can lead to gastrointestinal symptoms such as bloating, gas, diarrhea, and abdominal pain.

Lactose intolerance is distinct from dairy allergies, which involve an immune reaction to the proteins in milk. It is also different from casein sensitivity, which specifically refers to issues related to the casein protein found in dairy. Lactose deficiency is not a standard term used to describe this condition; the appropriate terminology is lactose intolerance, as it more accurately describes the digestive issue that arises from the inadequate processing of lactose.

Understanding these distinctions is important for those who may need to manage their dietary intake of dairy products to avoid discomfort and to seek suitable alternatives when lactose is not well tolerated.