What term describes the transfer of bacteria from one food to another?

The term that describes the transfer of bacteria from one food to another is cross-contamination. This occurs when harmful bacteria from one food item, particularly raw or undercooked foods, are transferred to another food item, which may be cooked or ready-to-eat. Cross-contamination is a significant concern in food safety as it can lead to foodborne illnesses if the contaminated food is consumed.

Understanding cross-contamination is vital in food preparation, as it emphasizes the importance of using separate cutting boards, utensils, and storage methods for different types of foods, particularly separating raw meat from vegetables and ready-to-eat foods. It helps to minimize the risk of spreading harmful pathogens that can cause serious health issues.

The other terms, while related to food safety in their own contexts, do not accurately define the specific process of bacterial transfer. Foodborne illness refers to the disease caused by consuming contaminated food, culturing refers to growing bacteria in a controlled environment for study, and pathogen transfer is a broader term that might not specifically address the context of food handling and preparation.