Which of the following best describes phytochemicals?

Phytochemicals are defined as natural compounds that are produced by plants, which have health-promoting properties that can contribute to disease protection. These compounds are not considered nutrients essential for survival like vitamins and minerals; however, they play a significant role in enhancing health and reducing the risk of chronic diseases such as cancer and heart disease. Phytochemicals can act as antioxidants, anti-inflammatory agents, and immune system boosters. Their benefits stem from their ability to interact with biological systems in ways that promote health, which is why they are often highlighted in discussions about the importance of consuming a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.

The other options do not accurately reflect the nature of phytochemicals. Artificial additives are synthetic substances not derived from plants and typically serve purposes other than health benefits, such as preservation or flavor enhancement. Some plant-derived compounds may enhance flavor, but this does not encompass the broader health benefits associated with phytochemicals. Lastly, while some nutrients are indeed essential for survival, phytochemicals are considered non-nutritive compounds that offer protective health benefits rather than essential nutrient functions.